SpaceXがFalcon 9による第2クルー打ち上げをライブ中継

今回は「SpaceXがFalcon 9による第2クルー打ち上げをライブ中継」についてご紹介します。

関連ワード （NASA、SpaceX等） についても参考にしながら、ぜひ本記事について議論していってくださいね。

本記事は、TechCrunch様で掲載されている内容を参考にしておりますので、より詳しく内容を知りたい方は、ページ下の元記事リンクより参照ください。

SpaceX（スペースX）は、国際宇宙ステーションへの2回目の商用有人飛行を、太平洋夏時間4月23日午前2:49（日本時間4月23日午後18時49分）に発射する予定だ。このフライトではNASAから2名、JAXA（宇宙航空研究開発機構）から1名、ESA（欧州宇宙機関）から1名の計4名の宇宙飛行士がISSに向かい、科学実験の実施や軌道プラットフォームの維持・改良などの定期的なミッションを行う。

2020年に、Dragon宇宙船とFalcon 9ロケットの有人飛行を正式に認めたSpaceXにとって、今回のミッションは2回目の商用有人飛行となる。NASAは同年11月、SpaceXの有人飛行認定を受けた打ち上げシステムを使用して4人の宇宙飛行士を打ち上げ、2011年にスペースシャトルが退役して以来、米国の宇宙船として、そして民間企業として初めてISSに人を送り届けた。スペースシャトル退役後、NASAはロシアのソユーズロケットを利用していた。

関連記事
・Crew Dragonテスト成功でSpaceXはNASA初の有人民間宇宙飛行事業者へ
・SpaceXとNASAが4人の宇宙飛行士を乗せた初の有人Dragon運用ミッションの打ち上げに成功

宇宙ステーションには、2020年に打ち上げられたCrew-1に搭載されたSpaceXのCrew Dragonがすでにあり、Crew-2に搭載されるCrew Dragonの到着に備えて、2021年4月初めにステーションの別ポートに移動されている。Crew-1 Dragonは、2021年4月28日に今回のフライトでクルーが交代した後、その宇宙飛行士を乗せて地球に帰還する予定だ。

今回の打ち上げで注目すべき変化の1つは、飛行実証済みのFalcon 9ロケットブースターの使用だ。SpaceXはこれまで、有人飛行の際には工場から出荷されたばかりの新しいブースターを使用してきたが、貨物飛行でのブースター再利用に関して申し分のない実績がある。これはCrew Dragon初の再利用でもある。この打ち上げシステムのどちらのコンポーネントも以前は人間の打ち上げをサポートしており、第1ステージはCrew-1の間に提供され、Dragonは宇宙飛行士のBob Behnken（ボブ・ベンケン）氏とDoug Hurleyn（ダグラス・ハーリー）氏を飛行させたDemo-2のためにされている。

本日の打ち上げに参加する宇宙飛行士は、NASAのShane Kimbrough（ロバート・キンブロー）氏、Megan McArthur（メーガン・マッカーサー）氏、JAXAの星出彰彦氏、ESAのThomas Pesquet（トマ・ペスケ）氏だ。

【原文】

SpaceX is set to launch its second operational commercial crew mission to the International Space Station for NASA, with a liftoff time of 5:49 AM EDT (2:49 AM PDT) on Friday morning. The flight will carry four astronauts, including two from NASA, one from JAXA (the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) and one from the ESA (European Space Agency), to the station, where they will begin a regular tour of duty conducting science experiments and maintaining and upgrading the orbital platform.

This is the second commercial crew mission for SpaceX, which officially qualified its Dragon spacecraft and Falcon 9 rocket for human flight last year. NASA then launched four astronauts using SpaceX’s human-certified launch system later that year in November, becoming the first private company to deliver people to the ISS, and the first American vehicle to do so since the retirement of the Space Shuttle in 2011. Since the end of that program, NASA has relied on buying rides aboard Russian Soyuz rockets to keep up its representation on the ISS.

There’s already a SpaceX Crew Dragon at the Space Station from that Crew-1 launch last year, and it was relocated to another port on the station earlier this month in preparation for the arrival of the one flying for Crew-2. The Crew-1 Dragon capsule is set to return to Earth with astronauts on board once they’re relieved by this flight’s crew, likely later this month on April 28.

One major notable change for this launch is the use of a flight-proven Falcon 9 rocket booster. SpaceX has previously used new boosters fresh from the factory for its human launches, though it has a spotless track record when it comes to booster re-use for its cargo flights. It’s also the first re-use of a dragon spacecraft, and both components of this launch system actually previously supported human launches, with the first stage serving during Crew-1, and the Dragon capsule providing the ride for Demo-2, which flew astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley.

The astronauts on today’s flight are Shane Kimbrough and Megan McArthur from NASA, as well as Akihiko Hoshide from JAXA and Thomas Pesquet from the ESA. As mentioned, liftoff time is set for 5:49 AM EDT, but SpaceX will begin streaming live hours in advance at approximately 1:30 AM EDT on Friday (10:30 PM PDT on Thursday).

（文：Darrell Etherington、翻訳：Katsuyuki Yasui）

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