SpaceXが着地に成功した試作機を再使用する飛行試験の実施を示唆

今回は「SpaceXが着地に成功した試作機を再使用する飛行試験の実施を示唆」についてご紹介します。

関連ワード （SpaceX、StarShip、宇宙船等） についても参考にしながら、ぜひ本記事について議論していってくださいね。

本記事は、TechCrunch様で掲載されている内容を参考にしておりますので、より詳しく内容を知りたい方は、ページ下の元記事リンクより参照ください。

SpaceX（スペースX）は先日、宇宙船「Starship（スターシップ）」開発プログラムで高い評価を得たばかりだが、同社CEOのElon Musk（イーロン・マスク）氏によると、宇宙船を再使用する初期段階の実験を計画外に行い、最近の成功を繰り返す可能性もすでに視野に入れているようだ。

米国時間5月5日、SpaceXはStarshipの15号試作機「SN15」をテキサス州ブラウンズビル近くの開発拠点から飛行させ、初めて直立着陸させることに成功した。マスク氏によれば、同社は同じ機体で2度目の飛行を行うことも可能であるというが、これはStarshipの試験・開発の取り組みで初めての試みになる。

打ち上げから着陸まで成功させた水曜日の飛行試験では、Starshipの試作機は高度約10kmまで上昇した後、高さ50mの機体を横向きに寝かせて降下、着陸寸前に再び垂直に戻るとエンジンを噴射して速度を落とし、直立した状態で軟着陸した。

この高高度試験は、Starshipが今後、軌道へ打ち上げられた後に地球へ帰還するための技術やシステムを実証する重要なステップだ。Starshipの打ち上げシステムは、完全に再利用可能であることを目指しており、この機体（最終的にはロケットの2段目となる）と、同社が開発を進めている「Super Heavy（スーパーヘビー）」ブースター（こちらが1段目）で構成される。

SN15の2度目となる試験飛行は、この試作機による数々のテストの中でも興味深いものになりそうだ。SpaceXは当然ながら多くのチェックを行い、搭載されたセンサーから収集されたあらゆる情報に加え、機体からもできるだけ多くのデータを収集するが、これまで基本的にその後の機体に関するオプションは、故障するまでストレス試験にかけるか、解体して部品を研究するかのどちらかだった。2度目の飛行試験を試みることは、SpaceXがStarshipの製品版で計画している再使用に向けて、多くの貴重なデータをもたらす興味深い追加オプションとなる。

SpaceXが実際にSN15を再飛行させるかどうかはまだ不明だが、もし技術的に可能であるならば、同社にとって開発プログラム全体を急速に進展させるすばらしい学習の機会となるだろう。

関連記事：スペースXがStarlink衛星60基を追加打ち上げ、予約注文は50万件以上

画像クレジット：SpaceX

【原文】

SpaceX is fresh off a high for its Starship spacecraft development program, but according to CEO Elon Musk, it’s already looking ahead to potentially repeating its latest success with an unplanned early reusability experiment. Earlier this week, SpaceX flew the SN15 (i.e. 15th prototype) of its Starship from its development site near Brownsville, Texas, and succeeded in landing it upright for the first time. Now, Musk says they could fly the same prototype a second time, a first for the Starship test and development effort.

The successful launch and landing on Wednesday included an ascent to around 30,000 feet, where the 150-foot-tall spacecraft flipped onto its “belly” and then descended back to Earth, returning vertical and firing its engines to slow its descent and touch down softly, standing upright. This atmospheric testing is a key step meant to help prove out the technologies and systems that will later help Starship return to Earth after its orbital launches. The full Starship launch system is intended to be completely reusable, including this vehicle (which will eventually serve as the upper stage) and the Super Heavy booster that the company is also in the process of developing.

A second test flight of SN15 is an interesting possibility among the options for the prototype. SpaceX will obviously be conducting a number of other check-outs and gathering as much data as it can from the vehicle, in addition to whatever it collected from onboard sensors, but the options for the craft after that basically amounted to stress testing it to failure, or dismantling it and studying the pieces. A second flight attempt is an interesting additional option that could provide SpaceX with a lot of invaluable data about its planned re-use of the production version of Starship.

Whether or not SpaceX actually does re-fly SN15 is still up in the air, but if it does end up being technically possible, it seems like a great learning opportunity for SpaceX that could help fast-track the overall development program.

（文：Darrell Etherington、翻訳：Hirokazu Kusakabe）

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